Guide · Interest math

Simple vs compound interest

Educational guide · Updated · About 8 min read

Simple interest applies the rate only to principal. Compound interest applies the rate to a growing balance when interest is added and itself earns interest later.

Formulas (educational)

  • Simple: I = P × r × t, A = P + I
  • Monthly compound (common teaching form): A = P(1 + r/12)^(12·t)

Same sample, two models

$10,000.00 at 5% for 3 years:

Why the gap grows with time

Under compounding, each period’s balance includes prior interest, so later periods can add more dollars of interest at the same nominal rate. Simple interest stays linear in time.

Related

Frequently asked questions

Which is higher for the same rate and time?

When rates and time are positive, compound interest is usually higher because interest earns interest. Sample $10k · 5% · 3y: simple ≈ $1,500.00; monthly compound ≈ $1,614.72.

Does Nestfigure recommend one product?

No. These are educational models only—not product recommendations or quotes.

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Simple I = P × r × t vs compound growth models.

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Sources linked above include U.S. government materials (for example CFPB, FDIC, NCUA, BLS, IRS) where noted. Sample math uses only labeled Nestfigure assumptions—not bank quotes, job offers, or personalized advice. Last reviewed: August 9, 2026.

YMYL notice: This site is for education only. It is not financial, tax, or investment advice. Nestfigure is not a bank, credit union, broker, investment adviser, or fiduciary. Product terms, rates, and penalties vary—always read your institution’s disclosures before acting. Calculator results are mathematical estimates, not bank quotes.